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如何概述一篇英語文章

發布時間:2022-09-18 05:57:08

⑴ 對一篇英語文章進行小結,都要注意什麼問題啊

句子、詞語。文章由句子組成,句子由詞語組成。在著手寫文章之前,應該提醒自己注意下面幾點
1)句子與詞語的正確用法。這是最基本的一點。這里包括單字的正確拼寫、詞語在特定句子中的正確應用、正確的句子模式。注意:千萬不要在文章中出現中國式的英語。這就要求在構思的時候不要用中文進行思考,寫的時候要仔細斟酌文章的語句。
2)句子的多樣化。這點的實現必須在句子與詞語的正確上來實現。句子的多樣化是體現一個人英語語言水平的關鍵也是使文章獲得高分的重點。如非謂語從句、定語從句、賓語從句等,以及簡單句、復雜句的綜合使用。
3)標點的正確使用
文章的整體風格與氣氛。
作為考官或者是閱讀你文章的人,在第一次接觸到你文章時就可以感受到文章的特點與風格,或者活潑或者呆板,而依據模板寫的文章很難做到活潑或者是吸引讀者。
保持書寫的工整性與字跡
常見錯誤提醒一.不一致(disagreements)
所謂不一致不光指主謂不一致,它還包括了數的不一致時態不一致及代詞不一致等.
例1. when one have money ,he can do what he want to .
(人一旦有了錢,他就能想干什麼就干什麼.)
剖析:one是單數第三人稱,因而本句的have應改為has ;同理,want應改為wants.本句是典型的主謂不一致.
改為:once one has money ,he can do what he wants (to do)
二.修飾語錯位(misplaced modifiers)
英語與漢語不同,同一個修飾語置於句子不同的位置,句子的含義可能引起變化.對於這一點中國學生往往沒有引起足夠的重視,因而造成了不必要的誤解.例1. i believe i can do it well and i will better know the world outside the campus.
剖析:better位置不當,應置於句末.
三.句子不完整(sentence fragments)
在口語中,交際雙方可藉助手勢語氣上下文等,不完整的句子完全可以被理解.可是書面語就不同了,句子結構不完整會令意思表達不清,這種情況常常發生在主句寫完以後,筆者又想加些補充說明時發生.
例1. there are many ways to know the society. for example by tv ,radio ,newspaper and so on .
剖析:本句後半部分"for example by tv ,radio ,newspaper and so on .」不是一個完整的句子,僅為一些不連貫的詞語,不能獨立成句.改為:there are many ways to know society ,for example ,by tv ,radio ,and newspaper.
四.懸垂修飾語(dangling modifiers)
所謂懸垂修飾語是指句首的短語與後面句子的邏輯關系混亂不清.例如:at the age of ten, my grandfather died.這句中"at the age of ten"只點出十歲時,但沒有說明」誰」十歲時.按一般推理不可能是my grandfather,如果我們把這個懸垂修飾語改明確一點,全句就不那麼費解了.改為:
when i was ten, my grandfather died.
例1. to do well in college, good grades are essential.剖析:句中不定式短語「to do well in college」的邏輯主語不清楚.
改為:
to do well in college, a student needs good grades.五.詞性誤用(misuse of parts of speech)
「詞性誤用」常表現為:介詞當動詞用;形容詞當副詞用;名詞當動詞用等.例1. none can negative the importance of money.
剖析:negative系形容詞,誤作動詞。
改為:
none can deny the importance of money.
六.指代不清(ambiguous reference of pronouns)
指代不清主要講的是代詞與被指代的人或物關系不清,或者先後所用的代詞不一致。試看下面這一句:
mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.
(瑪麗和我姐姐很要好,因為她要她做她的伴娘。)
讀完上面這一句話,讀者無法明確地判斷兩位姑娘中誰將結婚,誰將當伴娘。如果我們把易於引起誤解的代詞的所指對象加以明確,意思就一目瞭然了。這個句子可改為:
mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
例1. and we can also know the society by serving it yourself.剖析:句中人稱代詞we和反身代詞yourself指代不一致。改為:
we can also know society by serving it ourselves.
七.不間斷句子(run-on sentences)
什麼叫run-on sentence?請看下面的例句。
例1. there are many ways we get to know the outside world.剖析:這個句子包含了兩層完整的意思:「there are many ways.」以及「we get to know the outside world.」。簡單地把它們連在一起就不妥當了。
改為:
there are many ways for us to learn about the outside world.或:there are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world
八.措詞毛病(troubles in diction)
diction是指在特定的句子中如何適當地選用詞語的問題,囿於教學時間緊迫,教師平時在這方面花的時間往往極其有限,影響了學生在寫作中沒有養成良好的推敲,斟酌的習慣。他們往往隨心所欲,拿來就用。所以作文中用詞不當的錯誤比比皆是。
例1. the increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.
(農業方面化學物質使用的不斷增加也造成了污染。)
剖析:顯然,考生把obstacles「障礙」,「障礙物」誤作substance「物質」了。另外「the increasing use (不斷增加的使用)」應改為「abusive use (濫用)」。
改為:
the abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution.
九.累贅(rendancy)
言以簡潔為貴。寫句子沒有一個多餘的詞;寫段落沒有一個無必要的句子。能用單詞的不用片語;能用片語的不用從句或句子。如:
in spite of the fact that he is lazy, i like him.本句的「the fact that he is lazy」系同謂語從句,我們按照上述「能用片語的不用從句」可以改為:in spite of his laziness, i like him.例1. for the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need.
剖析:整個句子可以大大簡化。
改為:
diligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need.
十.不連貫(incoherence)
不連貫是指一個句子前言不對後語,或是結構上不暢通。這也是考生常犯的毛病。
例1. the fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth.
剖析:the fresh water與逗號後的it不連貫。it與things在數方面不一致。
常見聯詞
表層進
first, firstly to begin with/second, secondly to start with/third, thirdly what』s more/also and then/and equally important/besides in addition/further in the first place/still furthermore
last but not the least/next besides/too moreover/finally
表舉例
for example for instance/to illustrate as an illustration/after all/表解釋
/as a matter of fact/frankly speaking/in this case namely/in other words
表總結
in summary in a word/in brief in conclusion/to conclude in fact/indeed in short/in other words /of course/it is true specially/namely in all/that is to summarize/thus as has been said/altogether in other words/finally in simpler terms/in particular that is/on the whole to put it differently/therefore表強調
of course indeed/above all most important/emphasis certainly in fact
表讓步
still nevertheless/in spite of all the same/even so after all/concession granted naturally/of course
表比較
in comparison likewise/similarly equally/however likewise/in the same way/
表轉折
by contrast although/e same time but/in contrast nevertheless/notwithstanding on the contraryon the other hand otherwise/regardless still/though yet/despite the fact that even so/even though for all that/however in spite of/instead
表時間
after a while afterward/again also/and then as long as/at last at length/at that time before/besides earlier/eventually finally/formerly further/furthermore in addition/in the first place in the past/last lately/meanwhile moreover/next now/presently second/shortly simultaneously/since so far/soon still/subsequently then/thereafter too/until until now/when.
BBC World News

⑵ 怎麼用英語概括英語文章

很多時候英語的閱讀或者是寫作也跟我們的寫作也較大約是在每段文字的斷手,或者是斷尾始終要文字的中心的思想。

⑶ 怎樣評價一篇英語作文

評價一篇英語作文要從基礎開始講起,就是先看單詞的拼寫有沒有錯誤,緊接著就是看語法有沒有運用錯誤。

更高一層的就是邏輯連貫,也就是句子和句子之間的關系要密切,就是有因果,轉折或者是遞進等等關系,做好這幾個方面基本就稱得上是一篇優秀的英語範文了。

英語學習即學習英語,主要講述學習英語的方法,注意事項等內容。學習英語貴在堅持,找到適合自己的方法,多運用多溫故。

英語學習過程是一種觀察,模擬,認識,識記,思考,記憶等綜合的心理活動過程。建議從學單詞開始就聽寫背單詞(從簡單到復雜),建立起人對英語單詞聲音形象的條件反射能力。

⑷ 英語中的SUMMARY怎麼寫 具體格式步驟是什麼

英語中的SUMMARY撰寫的具體格式步驟如下:

1、寫之前,需要認真仔細地讀幾遍原文材料,讓理解更深刻。

2、遵循原文的邏輯順序,對重要部分的主題、標題、細節進行概括,全面清晰地表明原文信息。

3、給摘要起一個好標題,比如:可以採用文中的主題句。

4、盡量使用自己的話完成,不要引用原文的句子,篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一長。

5、寫摘要時可以採用下列幾種小技巧:

(1)篩選1-2個例子。

(2)避免重復,刪除細節,只保留主要觀點。

(3)把長段描述壓縮變成短小精悍的句子。如下例:「His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.」可以概括為:」He was very brave in battle.」

(5)你還可以使用片語代替整句或者從句。

(6)使用概括性的名詞代替具體的詞,比如:「She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them ring the winter vocation.」可以概括為:」She brought home a lot of books to read ring the vocation.」

(7)使用最短的連接詞。比如,可以使用可以使用but, then, thus, yet, though,不能使用at the same time, in the first place, because of these, on the other hand等較長的連接詞。

(8)把文章中的第一人稱轉換成第三人稱,把對白簡化。

(4)如何概述一篇英語文章擴展閱讀

summary / 'sʌməri / 既可以做名詞,也可以做形容詞。

adj.做形容詞時的含義有

1.總結性的,概括的,概述的

2.簡明的,扼要的

3.即時的,即刻的

n.做名詞時的含義有

1.總結,概略,摘要,一覽

2.[廢語]結局;頂點

資料來源:網路:summary

⑸ 如何用英語介紹一篇文章

How to recommend an article in English:
1. To share the core value of the article.
2. To brief the points of the article.
3. To interpret the points concerning.
4. To extend the value of the article.
5. To close the section of focus on the article.

⑹ 一篇英語文章的梗概

參考:
故事是一個年輕人去請教他的鄰居-- 一個老人,問他家長應該對孩子多嚴厲.
老人叫年輕人把 一棵大樹和小樹間的繩子解開. 年輕人照做了. 小樹歪了. 老人叫年輕人把繩子綁回起來. 小樹又直了起來.

老人說, 小孩就像小樹, 當他們不能自立時要家長的呵護. 家長要適當的放開孩子,不要一味的束縛. 但是當發現孩子不能自立時,就要呵護照顧小孩.

總結: 給孩子一定的自由的空間,但是如果孩子不能自立或不夠成熟而犯錯誤時,就需要家長的管理與教育.

⑺ 英語寫作summary

關於總結,我們在接觸到英文之後,這個寫作也接踵而來。下面是我給大家整理的英語寫作summary,供大家參閱!

英語寫作summary:Children Must be Taught to Tell Right from Wrong

Article

Children Must be Taught to Tell Right from Wrong

William Kilpatrick

Many of today’s young people have a difficult time seeing any moral dimension (道德層面) to their actions. There are a number of reasons why that’s true, but none more prominent than a failed system of ecation that eschews (迴避) teaching children the traditional moral values that bind Americans together as a society and a culture. That failed approach, called “decision-making,” was introced in schools 25 years ago. It tells children to decide for themselves what is right and what is wrong. It replaced “character ecation. (品格教育)” Character ecation didn’t ask children to reinvent the moral wheel (浪費時間重新發明早已存在的道德標准); instead, it encouraged them to practice habits of courage, justice and self-control.

In the 1940s, when a character ecation approach prevailed, teachers worried about students chewing gum; today they worry about robbery and rape.

Decision-making curriculums pose thorny (棘手的) ethical dilemmas to students, leaving them with the impression that all morality is problematic and that all questions of right and wrong are in dispute. Youngsters are forced to question values and virtues they’ve never acquired in the first place or upon which they have only a tenuous (薄弱的) hold. The assumption behind this method is that students will arrive at good moral conclusions if only they are given the chance. But the actual result is moral confusion.

For example, a recent national study of 1,700 sixth- to ninth-graders revealed that a majority of boys considered rape to be acceptable under certain conditions. Astoundingly, many of the girls agreed.

This kind of moral illiteracy is further encouraged by values-ecation (價值觀教育) programs that are little more than courses in self-esteem (自尊). These programs are based on the questionable assumption that a child who feels good about himself or herself won’t want to do anything wrong. But it is just as reasonable to make an opposite assumption: namely, that a child who has uncritical self-regard will conclude that he or she can’t do anything bad.

Such naive self-acceptance results in large part from the non-directive (無指導性的), non-judgmental (無是非觀的), as-long-as-you-feel-comfortable-with-your-choices mentality (思想) that has pervaded (滲透) public ecation for the last two and one-half decades. Many of today’s drug ecation, sex ecation and values-ecation courses are based on the same 1960s philosophy that helped fuel the explosion in teen drug use and sexual activity in the first place.

Meanwhile, while ecators are still fiddling with (胡亂擺弄) outdated “feel-good” approaches, New York, Washington, and Los Angeles are burning. Youngsters are leaving school believing that matters of right and wrong are always merely subjective. If you pass a stranger on the street and decide to murder him because you need money—if it feels right—you go with that feeling. Clearly, murder is not taught in our schools, but such a conclusion—just about any conclusion—can be reached and justified using the decision-making method.

It is time to consign (寄出) the fads (風尚) of “decision-making” and “non-judgmentalism” to the ash heap of failed policies, and return to a proved method. Character ecation provides a much more realistic approach to moral formation. It is built on an understanding that we learn morality not by debating it but by practicing it.

Sample

Summary of “Children Must be Taught to Tell Right from Wrong”

In his essay “,” fervently that the approach to the moral ecation of American youth, which replaced “character ecation” 25 years ago, has prevented juveniles from behaving and thinking in accordance with the traditional moral principles that are fundamental to American society.

subjective constructs with only relative truth in them and therefore can be interpreted flexibly and even about what should be clearly right or wrong.

are the unexpected outcomes of that subscribe to the “non-judgmental” mindset dominating . that feeling good warrants morality excuses students from criticizing and disciplining their own behaviors.

emphasizing practice instead of discussion.

英語summary的寫作技巧

摘要是對一篇文章的主題思想的簡單陳述。它用最簡潔的語言概括了原文的主題。寫摘要主要包括三個步驟:(1)閱讀;(2)寫作;(3)修改成文。 第一步:閱讀

A.認真閱讀給定的原文材料。如果一遍不能理解,就多讀兩遍。閱讀次數越多,你對原文的理解就越深刻。

B.給摘要起一個標題。用那些能概括文章主題思想的單詞、短語或短句子作為標題。也可以採用文中的主題句作為標題。主題句往往出現在文章的開頭或結尾。一個好標題有助於確定文章的中心思想。

C.現在,就該決定原文中哪些部分重要,哪些部分次重要了。對重要部分的主要觀點進行概括。

D.簡要地記下主要觀點——主題、標題、細節等你認為對概括摘要重要的東西。 第二步:動手寫作

A. 摘要應該只有原文的三分之一或四分之一長。因此首先數一下原文的字數,然後除以三,得到一個數字。摘要的字數可以少於這個數字,但是千萬不能超過這個數字。

B. 摘要應全部用自己的話完成。不要引用原文的句子。

C. 應該遵循原文的邏輯順序。這樣你就不必重新組織觀點、事實。

D. 摘要必須全面、清晰地表明原文所載的信息,以便你的讀者不需翻閱原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意。

E. 寫摘要時可以採用下列幾種小技巧:

1) 刪除細節。只保留主要觀點。

2) 選擇一至兩個例子。原文中可能包括5個或更多的例子,你只需從中篩選一至二個例子。

3) 把長段的描述變成短小、簡單的句子。如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十個句子,那麼你只要把它們變成一兩句即可。

4) 避免重復。在原文中,為了強調某個主題,可能會重復論證說明。但是這在摘要中是不能使用的。應該刪除那些突出強調的重述句。

5) 壓縮長的句子。如下列兩例:

“His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.”

可以概括為:”He was very brave in battle.”

“He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.” 可以概括為:“He was in financial difficulties.”

6) 你還可以使用片語代替整句或者從句。請看下面的例子:

“Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.”

可以概括為:”Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.”

7) 使用概括性的名詞代替具體的詞,比如:

“She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them ring the winter vocation.”

可以概括為:”She brought home a lot of books to read ring the vocation.”

8) 使用最短的連接詞。比如,可以使用but, then, thus, yet, though,不能使用at the same time, in the first place, because of these, on the other hand等較長的連接詞。通常,使用分號就能夠達成使用連接詞的效果。

9) 文章中的第一人稱說的話通常在摘要中轉換成第三人稱,從而把大段的對白簡化,比如:

Kate looked at Paul disapprovingly: You use much too much salt on your food, Paul — it’s not good for you!” Paul put down his knife and frowned:”Why on earth not! If you didn’t have salt on your food it would taste awful„ like eating cardboard or sand„ just imagine bread without salt in it, or potatoes or pasta cooked without salt!” Kate was patient. She didn’t want to quarrel with Paul. She wanted to persuade him. She said firmly:”But too much salt is bad for you. It cause high blood pressure and latter on, heart-attacks. It also disguises the taste of food, the real tastes which are much more subtle than salt, and which we have lost the sensitivity to appreciate any more.”

可以用第三人稱概括為:

Kate suggested to Paul that he should eat less salt. She thought that eating too much salt would do hard to Paul’s health and that it could rece the real tastes of food. But Paul disagreed. He said that food without salt would be tasteless.

第三步:修改成文

草稿擬好以後,對它進行修改。首先,與原文比較看是否把所有重要的觀點都概括了,摘要中的觀點是否與原文中的完全一致。其次,如果摘要中出現了不必要的詞彙、短語或長句子,刪除它們。第三,檢查拼寫、語法和標點符號的錯誤。最後,保持語言簡單明了。

經過上述步驟和方法,一篇摘要就可以完成了。

附:

摘要寫作(summary writing)是一種控制性的作文形式,它能使學生通過閱讀原文,吸收原文的文章結構與語言方面的長處,寫出內容一致、結構近似、語言簡潔的短文。另外,對培養學生善於抓住文章重點的能力也有很大幫助,有利於他們在實際寫作中避免面面俱到,事無巨細,一一羅列的不良傾向。這種寫作既要准確理解原文,又要能綜合概括;既能培養欣賞能力,又能訓練書面表達能力。因此,用英文寫摘要,對學習英語寫作的學生來說,不失為一種切合實際的方法。下面談談怎麼寫好英文摘要。

1)細讀原文。首先要仔細閱讀全篇作品,然後對作品進行整體分析,掌握原文總的意思和結構,明確全文的主題(the maintheme)和各段的段落大意(the main idea)。

2)弄清要求。搞清楚是寫全文概要,還是寫某一部分的概要,或者就某些問題寫出要點。

3)列出原文要點。分析原文的內容和結構,將內容分項扼要表述並注意在結構上的順序。在此基礎上選出與文章主題密切相關的部分。

4)草擬寫作提綱並寫出初稿。將挑選出的要點作為框架草擬詳細的提綱,以所列的提綱為依據寫出摘要的初稿。在寫作時要特別注意下面幾點:

(1)摘要應包括原文中的主要事實(main facts);略去不必要的細節(unnecessary details)。

(2)安排好篇幅的比例。摘要應同原文保持協調,即用較多的文字寫重要內容,用較少的文字寫次要內容。

(3)注意段落的連貫和句子的銜接。要用適當的轉折詞語貫通全文,切忌只簡單地寫出一些互不相乾的句子。

(4)盡可能用自己的話來寫,但不排斥用原文的某些詞句。

(5)計算詞數,看是否符合規定的詞數要求。

英語的summary怎麼寫

怎麼寫SUMMARY摘要(summary)是一種對原始文獻(或文章)的基本內容進行濃縮的語義連貫的短文.它以迅速掌握原文內容梗概為目的,不加主觀評論和解釋,但必須簡明、確切地表述原文的重要內容.摘要寫作(summary writing)是一種控制性的作文形式,它能使學生通過閱讀原文,吸收原文的文章結構與語言方面的長處,寫出內容一致、結構近似、語言簡潔的短文.另外,對培養學生善於抓住文章重點的能力也有很大幫助,有利於他們在實際寫作中避免面面俱到,事無巨細,一一羅列的不良傾向.這種寫作既要准確理解原文,又要能綜合概括;既能培養欣賞能力,又能訓練書面表達能力.因此,用英文寫摘要,對學習英語寫作的學生來說,不失為一種切合實際的方法.

下面談談怎麼寫好英文摘要.

1)細讀原文.首先要仔細閱讀全篇作品,然後對作品進行整體分析,掌握原文總的意思和結構,明確全文的主題(the maintheme)和各段的段落大意(the main idea).

2)弄清要求.搞清楚是寫全文概要,還是寫某一部分的概要,或者就某些問題寫出要點.3)列出原文要點.分析原文的內容和結構,將內容分項扼要表述並注意在結構上的順序.在此基礎上選出與文章主題密切相關的部分.

4)草擬寫作提綱並寫出初稿.將挑選出的要點作為框架草擬詳細的提綱,以所列的提綱為依據寫出摘要的初稿.在寫作時要特別注意下面幾點:

(1)摘要應包括原文中的主要事實(main facts);略去不必要的細節(unnecessary details).(2)安排好篇幅的比例.摘要應同原文保持協調,即用較多的文字寫重要內容,用較少的文字寫次要內容.(3)注意段落的連貫和句子的銜接.要用適當的轉折詞語貫通全文,切忌只簡單地寫出一些互不相乾的句子.

(4)盡可能用自己的話來寫,但不排斥用原文的某些詞句.

(5)計算詞數,看是否符合規定的詞數要求.

如何寫一篇文章的摘要?– 下文是對《英語寫作手冊》相關章節的翻譯

摘要是對一篇文章的主題思想的簡單陳述.它用最簡潔的語言概括了原文的主題.寫摘要主要包括三個步驟:(1)閱讀;(2)寫作;(3)修改成文.

第一步:閱讀

A.認真閱讀給定的原文材料.如果一遍不能理解,就多讀兩遍.閱讀次數越多,你對原文的理解就越深刻.

B.給摘要起一個標題.用那些能概括文章主題思想的單詞、短語或短句子作為標題.也可以採用文中的主題句作為標題.主題句往往出現在文章的開頭或結尾.一個好標題有助於確定文章的中心思想.

C.現在,就該決定原文中哪些部分重要,哪些部分次重要了.對重要部分的主要觀點進行概括.

D.簡要地記下主要觀點——主題、標題、細節等你認為對概括摘要重要的東西.

第二步:動手寫作

A. 摘要應該只有原文的三分之一或四分之一長.因此首先數一下原文的字數,然後除以三,得到一個數字.摘要的字數可以少於這個數字,但是千萬不能超過這個數字.

B. 摘要應全部用自己的話完成.不要引用原文的句子.

C. 應該遵循原文的邏輯順序.這樣你就不必重新組織觀點、事實.

D. 摘要必須全面、清晰地表明原文所載的信息,以便你的讀者不需翻閱原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意.

E. 寫摘要時可以採用下列幾種小技巧:

1) 刪除細節.只保留主要觀點.

2) 選擇一至兩個例子.原文中可能包括5個或更多的例子,你只需從中篩選一至二個例子.

3) 把長段的描述變成短小、簡單的句子.如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十個句子,那麼你只要把它們變成一兩句即可.

4) 避免重復.在原文中,為了強調某個主題,可能會重復論證說明.但是這在摘要中是不能使用的.應該刪除那些突出強調的重述句.

5) 壓縮長的句子.如下列兩例:

“His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.”

可以概括為:”He was very brave in battle.”

“He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.”

可以概括為:“He was in financial difficulties.”

6) 你還可以使用片語代替整句或者從句.請看下面的例子:

“Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.”

可以概括為:”Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.”

7) 使用概括性的名詞代替具體的詞,比如:

“She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them ring the winter vocation.”

可以概括為:”She brought home a lot of books to read ring the vocation.”

8) 使用最短的連接詞.比如,可以使用but, then, thus, yet, though,不能使用at the same time, in the first place, because of these, on the other hand等較長的連接詞.通常,使用分號就能夠達成使用連接詞的效果.

9) 文章中的第一人稱說的話通常在摘要中轉換成第三人稱,從而把大段的對白簡化,比如:

Kate looked at Paul disapprovingly: You use much too much salt on your food, Paul — it’s not good for you!” Paul put down his knife and frowned:”Why on earth not! If you didn’t have salt on your food it would taste awful… like eating cardboard or sand… just imagine bread without salt in it, or potatoes or pasta cooked without salt!” Kate was patient. She didn’t want to quarrel with Paul. She wanted to persuade him. She said firmly:”But too much salt is bad for you. It cause high blood pressure and latter on, heart-attacks. It also disguises the taste of food, the real tastes which are much more subtle than salt, and which we have lost the sensitivity to appreciate any more.”

可以用第三人稱概括為:

Kate suggested to Paul that he should eat less salt. She thought that eating too much salt would do hard to Paul’s health and that it could rece the real tastes of food. But Paul disagreed. He said that food without salt would be tasteless.

第三步:修改成文

草稿擬好以後,對它進行修改.首先,與原文比較看是否把所有重要的觀點都概括了,摘要中的觀點是否與原文中的完全一致.其次,如果摘要中出現了不必要的詞彙、短語或長句子,刪除它們.第三,檢查拼寫、語法和標點符號的錯誤.最後,保持語言簡單明了.

經過上述步驟和方法,一篇摘要就可以完成了.

⑻ 如何寫好一篇英語作文

1、.首先,我們需要審題,明確文章立意,確定作文體裁,整理寫作思路,全文內容緊扣主題。

2、然後,我們要清楚一篇英語作文的結構,搭出它的結構框架才能往裡面填內容。一篇英語作文一般分為了開頭段—中間端—結尾段。文章整體的結構確定後,對於每一段的內容也是有要求的,我們需要用一些過度的短語將每一段的脈絡梳理清楚,比如:firstly,secondly,finally...或者to start with,what's more,last but not least等等,鋪設文章的思路,會給讀者更好的觀感。

3、靈活使用英語長短句。過多的英語簡單句會讓你的作文顯得過於簡單,過多的長句會讓你的作文過於追求形式而忽視實際要表達的意思。在英語作文中應該要將長句和短句結合起來使用才顯得整篇文章富有美感,錯落有致。

⑼ 如何寫好英文論文summary

summary寫作要求你具備的幾種能力:

第一要看清楚文章的結構,設法反映出原文中作者的觀點。

第二要具有意義篩選的能力,學會區分事實和觀點、重要和次要、普遍與特殊、相關與不相關、原因和結果等復雜的邏輯關系。

第三要有用英文解釋英文的能力,用自己簡單的語言解釋比較復雜的語言文字,不能抄襲原文。

讀寫任務的寫作內容一般分為兩個部分,

即寫作內容1為概括短文要點,還有寫作內容2 則是就某個主題發表看法。

然而,絕大部分的考生會忽略了寫作內容2對寫作內容1的導航作用,而一頭扎進了閱讀材料,直接去閱讀文章得出要點。事實上,所謂「讀寫任務」其是讀和寫的有機結合,「讀」的材料是為了後面的「寫」提供情景,同樣,「寫」也是對「讀」的材料的思考和延伸。故希望大家在概括文章時,可考慮命題人提供的寫作內容2的導航作用,因為它能夠幫助大家更快地提高捕捉文章要點的速度與准確性。

一、概括的標准:拋棄次要,瞄準寫作目的。

標準的概括採用浮凸式的表達方式,第一句話是主題句,清楚明白地告訴了讀者文章的寫作目的,這句話的質量決定了概括的成敗。後面的句子對主題句進行解釋和支撐,凡是意義在主題之外的要毫不吝嗇地予以刪除。

二、概括的寫作步驟:

1. 確定主題句。確定閱讀文章的主題句,一般在段首。沒有主題句的需要自己組合。

2. 尋找關鍵詞。分析主題句意義,確定關鍵詞,關鍵詞一般體現為名詞、形容詞,關鍵詞的數目決定了概括的信息濃度。

3. 重構主題句。概括的主題句邏輯上要統攝後面所有的支撐句。可以從作者的寫作目的逆推,反映寫作目的主題句是高度抽象的,它基本決定了概括的質量。

4. 重組支撐句。支撐句的意義在邏輯上受制於主題句,可以是補充過程或者提供證據。

口訣:簡括為:縮長見短,省卻細膩。(括:概括性。見:間接引語。短:短的連詞。細膩:細節和例子)

三、寫摘要時可以採用下列幾種小技巧:

1) 刪除細節。只保留主要觀點。

2) 避免重復。在原文中,為了強調某個主題,可能會重復論證說明。但是這在摘要中是不能使用的。應該刪除那些突出強調的重述句。

3) 刪除具體例子。不過,閱讀材料本身是由幾個具體例子構成的,如閱讀材料是談西方節日的,如刪除具體例子,則概括很難達到30個詞,那就選擇一至兩個例子(即一兩個主要節日)。註:原文中可能包括5個或更多的例子,你只需從中篩選一至二個例子。

4) 使用概括性的名詞代替具體的詞。

上述對於英文論文summary寫作技巧的分析後,在寫作的時候切記一定要站在中立的觀點來寫,把那個要摻雜進自己個人的想法而改變了原意,盡量做到言簡意賅,用最簡單的語言來解釋原文中一些比較復雜的。(以上內容來源於學術堂)

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