如何概述一篇英语文章

⑴ 对一篇英语文章进行小结,都要注意什么问题啊

句子、词语。文章由句子组成，句子由词语组成。在着手写文章之前，应该提醒自己注意下面几点
1)句子与词语的正确用法。这是最基本的一点。这里包括单字的正确拼写、词语在特定句子中的正确应用、正确的句子模式。注意：千万不要在文章中出现中国式的英语。这就要求在构思的时候不要用中文进行思考，写的时候要仔细斟酌文章的语句。
2)句子的多样化。这点的实现必须在句子与词语的正确上来实现。句子的多样化是体现一个人英语语言水平的关键也是使文章获得高分的重点。如非谓语从句、定语从句、宾语从句等，以及简单句、复杂句的综合使用。
3)标点的正确使用
文章的整体风格与气氛。
作为考官或者是阅读你文章的人，在第一次接触到你文章时就可以感受到文章的特点与风格，或者活泼或者呆板，而依据模板写的文章很难做到活泼或者是吸引读者。
保持书写的工整性与字迹
常见错误提醒一.不一致(disagreements)
所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致，它还包括了数的不一致时态不一致及代词不一致等.
例1. when one have money ,he can do what he want to .
(人一旦有了钱，他就能想干什么就干什么.)
剖析：one是单数第三人称，因而本句的have应改为has ;同理，want应改为wants.本句是典型的主谓不一致.
改为：once one has money ,he can do what he wants (to do)
二.修饰语错位(misplaced modifiers)
英语与汉语不同，同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置，句子的含义可能引起变化.对于这一点中国学生往往没有引起足够的重视，因而造成了不必要的误解.例1. i believe i can do it well and i will better know the world outside the campus.
剖析：better位置不当，应置于句末.
三.句子不完整(sentence fragments)
在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解.可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，笔者又想加些补充说明时发生.
例1. there are many ways to know the society. for example by tv ,radio ,newspaper and so on .
剖析：本句后半部分＂for example by tv ,radio ,newspaper and so on .”不是一个完整的句子，仅为一些不连贯的词语，不能独立成句.改为：there are many ways to know society ,for example ,by tv ,radio ,and newspaper.
四.悬垂修饰语(dangling modifiers)
所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清.例如：at the age of ten, my grandfather died.这句中＂at the age of ten＂只点出十岁时，但没有说明”谁”十岁时.按一般推理不可能是my grandfather,如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语改明确一点，全句就不那么费解了.改为：
when i was ten, my grandfather died.
例1. to do well in college, good grades are essential.剖析：句中不定式短语“to do well in college”的逻辑主语不清楚.
改为：
to do well in college, a student needs good grades.五.词性误用(misuse of parts of speech)
“词性误用”常表现为：介词当动词用；形容词当副词用；名词当动词用等.例1. none can negative the importance of money.
剖析：negative系形容词，误作动词。
改为：
none can deny the importance of money.
六.指代不清(ambiguous reference of pronouns)
指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。试看下面这一句：
mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.
(玛丽和我姐姐很要好，因为她要她做她的伴娘。)
读完上面这一句话，读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚，谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确，意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为：
mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
例1. and we can also know the society by serving it yourself.剖析：句中人称代词we和反身代词yourself指代不一致。改为：
we can also know society by serving it ourselves.
七.不间断句子(run-on sentences)
什么叫run-on sentence?请看下面的例句。
例1. there are many ways we get to know the outside world.剖析：这个句子包含了两层完整的意思：“there are many ways.”以及“we get to know the outside world.”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。
改为：
there are many ways for us to learn about the outside world.或：there are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world
八.措词毛病(troubles in diction)
diction是指在特定的句子中如何适当地选用词语的问题，囿于教学时间紧迫，教师平时在这方面花的时间往往极其有限，影响了学生在写作中没有养成良好的推敲，斟酌的习惯。他们往往随心所欲，拿来就用。所以作文中用词不当的错误比比皆是。
例1. the increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.
(农业方面化学物质使用的不断增加也造成了污染。)
剖析：显然，考生把obstacles“障碍”，“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“the increasing use (不断增加的使用)”应改为“abusive use (滥用)”。
改为：
the abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution.
九.累赘(rendancy)
言以简洁为贵。写句子没有一个多余的词；写段落没有一个无必要的句子。能用单词的不用词组；能用词组的不用从句或句子。如：
in spite of the fact that he is lazy, i like him.本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同谓语从句，我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”可以改为：in spite of his laziness, i like him.例1. for the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need.
剖析：整个句子可以大大简化。
改为：
diligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need.
十.不连贯(incoherence)
不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语，或是结构上不畅通。这也是考生常犯的毛病。
例1. the fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth.
剖析：the fresh water与逗号后的it不连贯。it与things在数方面不一致。
常见联词
表层进
first, firstly to begin with/second, secondly to start with/third, thirdly what’s more/also and then/and equally important/besides in addition/further in the first place/still furthermore
last but not the least/next besides/too moreover/finally
表举例
for example for instance/to illustrate as an illustration/after all/表解释
/as a matter of fact/frankly speaking/in this case namely/in other words
表总结
in summary in a word/in brief in conclusion/to conclude in fact/indeed in short/in other words /of course/it is true specially/namely in all/that is to summarize/thus as has been said/altogether in other words/finally in simpler terms/in particular that is/on the whole to put it differently/therefore表强调
of course indeed/above all most important/emphasis certainly in fact
表让步
still nevertheless/in spite of all the same/even so after all/concession granted naturally/of course
表比较
in comparison likewise/similarly equally/however likewise/in the same way/
表转折
by contrast although/e same time but/in contrast nevertheless/notwithstanding on the contraryon the other hand otherwise/regardless still/though yet/despite the fact that even so/even though for all that/however in spite of/instead
表时间
after a while afterward/again also/and then as long as/at last at length/at that time before/besides earlier/eventually finally/formerly further/furthermore in addition/in the first place in the past/last lately/meanwhile moreover/next now/presently second/shortly simultaneously/since so far/soon still/subsequently then/thereafter too/until until now/when.
BBC World News

⑵ 怎么用英语概括英语文章

很多时候英语的阅读或者是写作也跟我们的写作也较大约是在每段文字的断手，或者是断尾始终要文字的中心的思想。

⑶ 怎样评价一篇英语作文

评价一篇英语作文要从基础开始讲起，就是先看单词的拼写有没有错误，紧接着就是看语法有没有运用错误。

更高一层的就是逻辑连贯，也就是句子和句子之间的关系要密切，就是有因果，转折或者是递进等等关系，做好这几个方面基本就称得上是一篇优秀的英语范文了。

英语学习即学习英语，主要讲述学习英语的方法，注意事项等内容。学习英语贵在坚持，找到适合自己的方法，多运用多温故。

英语学习过程是一种观察，模拟，认识，识记，思考，记忆等综合的心理活动过程。建议从学单词开始就听写背单词（从简单到复杂），建立起人对英语单词声音形象的条件反射能力。

⑷ 英语中的SUMMARY怎么写 具体格式步骤是什么

英语中的SUMMARY撰写的具体格式步骤如下：

1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。

2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地表明原文信息。

3、给摘要起一个好标题，比如：可以采用文中的主题句。

4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长。

5、写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧：

（1）筛选1-2个例子。

（2）避免重复，删除细节，只保留主要观点。

（3）把长段描述压缩变成短小精悍的句子。如下例：“His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.”可以概括为：”He was very brave in battle.”

（5）你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。

（6）使用概括性的名词代替具体的词，比如：“She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them ring the winter vocation.”可以概括为：”She brought home a lot of books to read ring the vocation.”

（7）使用最短的连接词。比如，可以使用可以使用but, then, thus, yet, though,不能使用at the same time, in the first place, because of these, on the other hand等较长的连接词。

（8）把文章中的第一人称转换成第三人称，把对白简化。

(4)如何概述一篇英语文章扩展阅读

summary / 'sʌməri / 既可以做名词，也可以做形容词。

adj.做形容词时的含义有

1.总结性的，概括的，概述的

2.简明的，扼要的

3.即时的，即刻的

n.做名词时的含义有

1.总结，概略，摘要，一览

2.[废语]结局；顶点

资料来源：网络：summary

⑸ 如何用英语介绍一篇文章

How to recommend an article in English:
1. To share the core value of the article.
2. To brief the points of the article.
3. To interpret the points concerning.
4. To extend the value of the article.
5. To close the section of focus on the article.

⑹ 一篇英语文章的梗概

参考:
故事是一个年轻人去请教他的邻居-- 一个老人,问他家长应该对孩子多严厉.
老人叫年轻人把 一棵大树和小树间的绳子解开. 年轻人照做了. 小树歪了. 老人叫年轻人把绳子绑回起来. 小树又直了起来.

老人说, 小孩就像小树, 当他们不能自立时要家长的呵护. 家长要适当的放开孩子,不要一味的束缚. 但是当发现孩子不能自立时,就要呵护照顾小孩.

总结: 给孩子一定的自由的空间,但是如果孩子不能自立或不够成熟而犯错误时,就需要家长的管理与教育.

⑺ 英语写作summary

关于总结，我们在接触到英文之后，这个写作也接踵而来。下面是我给大家整理的英语写作summary，供大家参阅!

英语写作summary：Children Must be Taught to Tell Right from Wrong

Article

Children Must be Taught to Tell Right from Wrong

William Kilpatrick

Many of today’s young people have a difficult time seeing any moral dimension (道德层面) to their actions. There are a number of reasons why that’s true, but none more prominent than a failed system of ecation that eschews (回避) teaching children the traditional moral values that bind Americans together as a society and a culture. That failed approach, called “decision-making,” was introced in schools 25 years ago. It tells children to decide for themselves what is right and what is wrong. It replaced “character ecation. (品格教育)” Character ecation didn’t ask children to reinvent the moral wheel (浪费时间重新发明早已存在的道德标准); instead, it encouraged them to practice habits of courage, justice and self-control.

In the 1940s, when a character ecation approach prevailed, teachers worried about students chewing gum; today they worry about robbery and rape.

Decision-making curriculums pose thorny (棘手的) ethical dilemmas to students, leaving them with the impression that all morality is problematic and that all questions of right and wrong are in dispute. Youngsters are forced to question values and virtues they’ve never acquired in the first place or upon which they have only a tenuous (薄弱的) hold. The assumption behind this method is that students will arrive at good moral conclusions if only they are given the chance. But the actual result is moral confusion.

For example, a recent national study of 1,700 sixth- to ninth-graders revealed that a majority of boys considered rape to be acceptable under certain conditions. Astoundingly, many of the girls agreed.

This kind of moral illiteracy is further encouraged by values-ecation (价值观教育) programs that are little more than courses in self-esteem (自尊). These programs are based on the questionable assumption that a child who feels good about himself or herself won’t want to do anything wrong. But it is just as reasonable to make an opposite assumption: namely, that a child who has uncritical self-regard will conclude that he or she can’t do anything bad.

Such naive self-acceptance results in large part from the non-directive (无指导性的), non-judgmental (无是非观的), as-long-as-you-feel-comfortable-with-your-choices mentality (思想) that has pervaded (渗透) public ecation for the last two and one-half decades. Many of today’s drug ecation, sex ecation and values-ecation courses are based on the same 1960s philosophy that helped fuel the explosion in teen drug use and sexual activity in the first place.

Meanwhile, while ecators are still fiddling with (胡乱摆弄) outdated “feel-good” approaches, New York, Washington, and Los Angeles are burning. Youngsters are leaving school believing that matters of right and wrong are always merely subjective. If you pass a stranger on the street and decide to murder him because you need money—if it feels right—you go with that feeling. Clearly, murder is not taught in our schools, but such a conclusion—just about any conclusion—can be reached and justified using the decision-making method.

It is time to consign (寄出) the fads (风尚) of “decision-making” and “non-judgmentalism” to the ash heap of failed policies, and return to a proved method. Character ecation provides a much more realistic approach to moral formation. It is built on an understanding that we learn morality not by debating it but by practicing it.

Sample

Summary of “Children Must be Taught to Tell Right from Wrong”

In his essay “,” fervently that the approach to the moral ecation of American youth, which replaced “character ecation” 25 years ago, has prevented juveniles from behaving and thinking in accordance with the traditional moral principles that are fundamental to American society.

subjective constructs with only relative truth in them and therefore can be interpreted flexibly and even about what should be clearly right or wrong.

are the unexpected outcomes of that subscribe to the “non-judgmental” mindset dominating . that feeling good warrants morality excuses students from criticizing and disciplining their own behaviors.

emphasizing practice instead of discussion.

英语summary的写作技巧

摘要是对一篇文章的主题思想的简单陈述。它用最简洁的语言概括了原文的主题。写摘要主要包括三个步骤：(1)阅读;(2)写作;(3)修改成文。 第一步：阅读

A.认真阅读给定的原文材料。如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍。阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。

B.给摘要起一个标题。用那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子作为标题。也可以采用文中的主题句作为标题。主题句往往出现在文章的开头或结尾。一个好标题有助于确定文章的中心思想。

C.现在，就该决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要了。对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。

D.简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括摘要重要的东西。 第二步：动手写作

A. 摘要应该只有原文的三分之一或四分之一长。因此首先数一下原文的字数，然后除以三，得到一个数字。摘要的字数可以少于这个数字，但是千万不能超过这个数字。

B. 摘要应全部用自己的话完成。不要引用原文的句子。

C. 应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序。这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实。

D. 摘要必须全面、清晰地表明原文所载的信息，以便你的读者不需翻阅原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意。

E. 写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧：

1) 删除细节。只保留主要观点。

2) 选择一至两个例子。原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子，你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。

3) 把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子，那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。

4) 避免重复。在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证说明。但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。

5) 压缩长的句子。如下列两例：

“His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.”

可以概括为：”He was very brave in battle.”

“He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.” 可以概括为：“He was in financial difficulties.”

6) 你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。请看下面的例子：

“Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.”

可以概括为：”Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.”

7) 使用概括性的名词代替具体的词，比如：

“She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them ring the winter vocation.”

可以概括为：”She brought home a lot of books to read ring the vocation.”

8) 使用最短的连接词。比如，可以使用but, then, thus, yet, though，不能使用at the same time, in the first place, because of these, on the other hand等较长的连接词。通常，使用分号就能够达成使用连接词的效果。

9) 文章中的第一人称说的话通常在摘要中转换成第三人称，从而把大段的对白简化，比如：

Kate looked at Paul disapprovingly: You use much too much salt on your food, Paul — it’s not good for you!” Paul put down his knife and frowned:”Why on earth not! If you didn’t have salt on your food it would taste awful„ like eating cardboard or sand„ just imagine bread without salt in it, or potatoes or pasta cooked without salt!” Kate was patient. She didn’t want to quarrel with Paul. She wanted to persuade him. She said firmly:”But too much salt is bad for you. It cause high blood pressure and latter on, heart-attacks. It also disguises the taste of food, the real tastes which are much more subtle than salt, and which we have lost the sensitivity to appreciate any more.”

可以用第三人称概括为：

Kate suggested to Paul that he should eat less salt. She thought that eating too much salt would do hard to Paul’s health and that it could rece the real tastes of food. But Paul disagreed. He said that food without salt would be tasteless.

第三步：修改成文

草稿拟好以后，对它进行修改。首先，与原文比较看是否把所有重要的观点都概括了，摘要中的观点是否与原文中的完全一致。其次，如果摘要中出现了不必要的词汇、短语或长句子，删除它们。第三，检查拼写、语法和标点符号的错误。最后，保持语言简单明了。

经过上述步骤和方法，一篇摘要就可以完成了。

附：

摘要写作(summary writing)是一种控制性的作文形式，它能使学生通过阅读原文，吸收原文的文章结构与语言方面的长处，写出内容一致、结构近似、语言简洁的短文。另外，对培养学生善于抓住文章重点的能力也有很大帮助，有利于他们在实际写作中避免面面俱到，事无巨细，一一罗列的不良倾向。这种写作既要准确理解原文，又要能综合概括;既能培养欣赏能力，又能训练书面表达能力。因此，用英文写摘要，对学习英语写作的学生来说，不失为一种切合实际的方法。下面谈谈怎么写好英文摘要。

1)细读原文。首先要仔细阅读全篇作品，然后对作品进行整体分析，掌握原文总的意思和结构，明确全文的主题(the maintheme)和各段的段落大意(the main idea)。

2)弄清要求。搞清楚是写全文概要，还是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。

3)列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。

4)草拟写作提纲并写出初稿。将挑选出的要点作为框架草拟详细的提纲，以所列的提纲为依据写出摘要的初稿。在写作时要特别注意下面几点：

(1)摘要应包括原文中的主要事实(main facts);略去不必要的细节(unnecessary details)。

(2)安排好篇幅的比例。摘要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。

(3)注意段落的连贯和句子的衔接。要用适当的转折词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子。

(4)尽可能用自己的话来写，但不排斥用原文的某些词句。

(5)计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。

英语的summary怎么写

怎么写SUMMARY摘要(summary)是一种对原始文献(或文章)的基本内容进行浓缩的语义连贯的短文.它以迅速掌握原文内容梗概为目的,不加主观评论和解释,但必须简明、确切地表述原文的重要内容.摘要写作(summary writing)是一种控制性的作文形式,它能使学生通过阅读原文,吸收原文的文章结构与语言方面的长处,写出内容一致、结构近似、语言简洁的短文.另外,对培养学生善于抓住文章重点的能力也有很大帮助,有利于他们在实际写作中避免面面俱到,事无巨细,一一罗列的不良倾向.这种写作既要准确理解原文,又要能综合概括;既能培养欣赏能力,又能训练书面表达能力.因此,用英文写摘要,对学习英语写作的学生来说,不失为一种切合实际的方法.

下面谈谈怎么写好英文摘要.

1)细读原文.首先要仔细阅读全篇作品,然后对作品进行整体分析,掌握原文总的意思和结构,明确全文的主题(the maintheme)和各段的段落大意(the main idea).

2)弄清要求.搞清楚是写全文概要,还是写某一部分的概要,或者就某些问题写出要点.3)列出原文要点.分析原文的内容和结构,将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序.在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分.

4)草拟写作提纲并写出初稿.将挑选出的要点作为框架草拟详细的提纲,以所列的提纲为依据写出摘要的初稿.在写作时要特别注意下面几点：

(1)摘要应包括原文中的主要事实(main facts);略去不必要的细节(unnecessary details).(2)安排好篇幅的比例.摘要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容.(3)注意段落的连贯和句子的衔接.要用适当的转折词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子.

(4)尽可能用自己的话来写,但不排斥用原文的某些词句.

(5)计算词数,看是否符合规定的词数要求.

如何写一篇文章的摘要?– 下文是对《英语写作手册》相关章节的翻译

摘要是对一篇文章的主题思想的简单陈述.它用最简洁的语言概括了原文的主题.写摘要主要包括三个步骤：(1)阅读;(2)写作;(3)修改成文.

第一步：阅读

A.认真阅读给定的原文材料.如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍.阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻.

B.给摘要起一个标题.用那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子作为标题.也可以采用文中的主题句作为标题.主题句往往出现在文章的开头或结尾.一个好标题有助于确定文章的中心思想.

C.现在,就该决定原文中哪些部分重要,哪些部分次重要了.对重要部分的主要观点进行概括.

D.简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括摘要重要的东西.

第二步：动手写作

A. 摘要应该只有原文的三分之一或四分之一长.因此首先数一下原文的字数,然后除以三,得到一个数字.摘要的字数可以少于这个数字,但是千万不能超过这个数字.

B. 摘要应全部用自己的话完成.不要引用原文的句子.

C. 应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序.这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实.

D. 摘要必须全面、清晰地表明原文所载的信息,以便你的读者不需翻阅原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意.

E. 写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧：

1) 删除细节.只保留主要观点.

2) 选择一至两个例子.原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子,你只需从中筛选一至二个例子.

3) 把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子.如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子,那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可.

4) 避免重复.在原文中,为了强调某个主题,可能会重复论证说明.但是这在摘要中是不能使用的.应该删除那些突出强调的重述句.

5) 压缩长的句子.如下列两例：

“His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.”

可以概括为：”He was very brave in battle.”

“He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.”

可以概括为：“He was in financial difficulties.”

6) 你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句.请看下面的例子：

“Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.”

可以概括为：”Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.”

7) 使用概括性的名词代替具体的词,比如：

“She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them ring the winter vocation.”

可以概括为：”She brought home a lot of books to read ring the vocation.”

8) 使用最短的连接词.比如,可以使用but, then, thus, yet, though,不能使用at the same time, in the first place, because of these, on the other hand等较长的连接词.通常,使用分号就能够达成使用连接词的效果.

9) 文章中的第一人称说的话通常在摘要中转换成第三人称,从而把大段的对白简化,比如：

Kate looked at Paul disapprovingly: You use much too much salt on your food, Paul — it’s not good for you!” Paul put down his knife and frowned:”Why on earth not! If you didn’t have salt on your food it would taste awful… like eating cardboard or sand… just imagine bread without salt in it, or potatoes or pasta cooked without salt!” Kate was patient. She didn’t want to quarrel with Paul. She wanted to persuade him. She said firmly:”But too much salt is bad for you. It cause high blood pressure and latter on, heart-attacks. It also disguises the taste of food, the real tastes which are much more subtle than salt, and which we have lost the sensitivity to appreciate any more.”

可以用第三人称概括为：

Kate suggested to Paul that he should eat less salt. She thought that eating too much salt would do hard to Paul’s health and that it could rece the real tastes of food. But Paul disagreed. He said that food without salt would be tasteless.

第三步：修改成文

草稿拟好以后,对它进行修改.首先,与原文比较看是否把所有重要的观点都概括了,摘要中的观点是否与原文中的完全一致.其次,如果摘要中出现了不必要的词汇、短语或长句子,删除它们.第三,检查拼写、语法和标点符号的错误.最后,保持语言简单明了.

经过上述步骤和方法,一篇摘要就可以完成了.

⑻ 如何写好一篇英语作文

1、.首先，我们需要审题，明确文章立意，确定作文体裁，整理写作思路，全文内容紧扣主题。

2、然后，我们要清楚一篇英语作文的结构，搭出它的结构框架才能往里面填内容。一篇英语作文一般分为了开头段—中间端—结尾段。文章整体的结构确定后，对于每一段的内容也是有要求的，我们需要用一些过度的短语将每一段的脉络梳理清楚，比如：firstly，secondly，finally...或者to start with，what's more，last but not least等等，铺设文章的思路，会给读者更好的观感。

3、灵活使用英语长短句。过多的英语简单句会让你的作文显得过于简单，过多的长句会让你的作文过于追求形式而忽视实际要表达的意思。在英语作文中应该要将长句和短句结合起来使用才显得整篇文章富有美感，错落有致。

⑼ 如何写好英文论文summary

summary写作要求你具备的几种能力：

第一要看清楚文章的结构，设法反映出原文中作者的观点。

第二要具有意义筛选的能力，学会区分事实和观点、重要和次要、普遍与特殊、相关与不相关、原因和结果等复杂的逻辑关系。

第三要有用英文解释英文的能力，用自己简单的语言解释比较复杂的语言文字，不能抄袭原文。

读写任务的写作内容一般分为两个部分，

即写作内容1为概括短文要点，还有写作内容2 则是就某个主题发表看法。

然而，绝大部分的考生会忽略了写作内容2对写作内容1的导航作用，而一头扎进了阅读材料，直接去阅读文章得出要点。事实上，所谓“读写任务”其是读和写的有机结合，“读”的材料是为了后面的“写”提供情景，同样，“写”也是对“读”的材料的思考和延伸。故希望大家在概括文章时，可考虑命题人提供的写作内容2的导航作用，因为它能够帮助大家更快地提高捕捉文章要点的速度与准确性。

一、概括的标准：抛弃次要，瞄准写作目的。

标准的概括采用浮凸式的表达方式，第一句话是主题句，清楚明白地告诉了读者文章的写作目的，这句话的质量决定了概括的成败。后面的句子对主题句进行解释和支撑，凡是意义在主题之外的要毫不吝啬地予以删除。

二、概括的写作步骤：

1. 确定主题句。确定阅读文章的主题句，一般在段首。没有主题句的需要自己组合。

2. 寻找关键词。分析主题句意义，确定关键词，关键词一般体现为名词、形容词，关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。

3. 重构主题句。概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。可以从作者的写作目的逆推，反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的，它基本决定了概括的质量。

4. 重组支撑句。支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，可以是补充过程或者提供证据。

口诀：简括为：缩长见短，省却细腻。（括：概括性。见：间接引语。短：短的连词。细腻：细节和例子）

三、写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧：

1) 删除细节。只保留主要观点。

2) 避免重复。在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证说明。但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。

3) 删除具体例子。不过，阅读材料本身是由几个具体例子构成的，如阅读材料是谈西方节日的，如删除具体例子，则概括很难达到30个词，那就选择一至两个例子（即一两个主要节日）。注：原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子，你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。

4) 使用概括性的名词代替具体的词。

上述对于英文论文summary写作技巧的分析后，在写作的时候切记一定要站在中立的观点来写，把那个要掺杂进自己个人的想法而改变了原意，尽量做到言简意赅，用最简单的语言来解释原文中一些比较复杂的。(以上内容来源于学术堂)